Circuit simulations are great because you can experiment with circuits and make changes with almost no effort. In Circuit VR, we look at circuits using a simulator to do experiments without having to ...

In the last Circuit VR we looked at some basic op amp circuits in a simulator, including the non-inverting amplifier. Sometimes you want an amplifier that inverts the signal. That is a 5V input ...

After my last Signal Chain Basics article, The basics of op amp loop-stability analysis: A tale of twin loop-gains, I received questions about how to generate the open-loop SPICE simulation curves ...

Engineers often encounter difficulty when attempting to accurately rectify low-amplitude AC signals using standard diode-based circuits. The primary issue arises from the diode’s forward voltage drop, ...

There are many parameters to consider when designing a circuit using an operational amplifier (op amp) including the op-amp’s gain bandwidth (GBW) product, offset voltage and quiescent current. In ...

It is important to consider the use of artificial intelligence (AI) for analog test and measurement, as well as other electrical engineering activities, as it helps ensure that critical electrical ...

b. The gain is set by VCC as the higher the supply voltage, the higher the gain. c. By the value of R3 as this resistor to ground sets the offset bias seen by the op-amp hence the gain. d. By the ...