August 2025 was the third-warmest August globally, with an average ERA5 surface air temperature of 16.60°C, 0.49°C above the 1991-2020 average for August. August 2025 was 0.22°C cooler than the two ...
January 2024 was the warmest January on record globally, with an average ERA5 surface air temperature of 13.14°C, 0.70°C above the 1991-2020 average for January and 0.12°C above the temperature of the ...
For 2024 as a whole, there was lower-than-average pressure over northwestern Europe and higher-than-average pressure over eastern Europe. This pattern was particularly prominent in February, March and ...
October 2025 was wetter than average in southeastern Europe, especially across the Balkans, affecting Bulgaria, southern Romania, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Greece, and the western coast of ...
Across Europe, river discharge was higher than average for January to April. During the next seven to eight months, it was below average. In October, river discharge reached its lowest level since at ...
Welcome to the European Summer Review 2026, compiled by the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S). The Review provides an overview of the climate conditions that characterised the European summer of ...
2023 has replaced 2016 as the warmest calendar year on record. According to the ERA5 dataset, the global-average temperature for 2023 was 14.98°C, 0.17°C higher than recorded for 2016. Global surface ...
August 2026 was the joint hottest month on record worldwide, tied with July 2023, as reported in the latest Climate Bulletin by Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) 1. The month also saw the ...
The thresholds of 1.5°C and 2°C above the pre-industrial average global temperature have been temporarily exceeded several times in recent months. For the first time in the ERA5 dataset, the global ...
Global surface air temperature increase relative to the average for 1850-1900, the designated pre-industrial reference period, based on several global temperature datasets shown as 5-year averages ...
A new study published in Nature Climate Change uses the Copernicus Climate Change Service's (C3S) ERA5-HEAT dataset to provide a comprehensive global-scale analysis of how heat stress has evolved ...
The temperature of the air, the ocean and Earth’s surface all have impacts on both human and natural systems. Temperature affects health, agriculture and energy demand, for example, as well as ...
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